Odesk Market Research Test Answers

Consultant

This test is about 40 multiple choice questions and should take less than 40 minutes to complete

Market Research Test

Question: 1

Which of the following best describes the phenomenon of 'options'?

a. The tendency to assume that things will work out well (Answer)

b. The tendency to assume that things will work out badly

c. The overestimation of low-probability negative outcomes

d. The underestimation of low-probability positive outcomes

Question: 2

If the following responses were received regarding a statement in a survey, what is the percentage of those who opposed the statement?

Strongly agree: 86

Agree: 212

Neither agree Nor disagree: 127

Disagree:62

Strongly disagree: 13

a. 5% (Answer)

b. 15%

c. 20%

d. Impossible to tell

Question: 3

For what purpose is the 'Schmidt-Hunter' technique of meta-analysis used?

a. To determine the reliability of data. (Answer)

b. To combine the results of multiple studies.

c. To determine the validity of data.

d. To identify the optimal target market for a product.

Question: 4

50 people are asked to respond to a question with the answers Yes/No/Don't know on two occasions, On the first occasion, the responses were 15/25/10 and on the second 18/26/6.

What is the change in the number of positive responses as a percentage of the whole sample?

a. 3%

b. 6% (Answer)

c. 9%

d. Impossible to tell

Question: 5

Before which of the following decisions would it be LEAST sensible for a company to undertake market analysis?

a. Whether to expand the workforce

b. Whether to purchase a new plant (Answer)

c. How much to pay to the staff

d. How much raw material to buy

Question: 6

What is the name of the forecasting method whereby a panel of independent experts answer questionnaires in two or more rounds in order to converge on the correct answer?

a. The Delphi method (Answer)

b. The Athens method

c. The Apollo method

d. The Oracle method

Question: 7

Which TWO of the following situations may cause 'response bias'?

i) Emotive language in a survey question

ii) Delay between designing a survey and using it

iii) Using a voluntary-response method that leads to respondents not being representative of the population

iv) Using qualitative rather than quantitative methods

a. i and ii only (Answer)

b. i and iii only

c. ii and iv only

d. iii and iv only

Question: 8

In which of the following pieces of information would a mystery shopper NOT be fundamentally interested?

a. Timeliness of response

b. Technical specifications of a product

c. Staff customer-service skills (Answer)

d. Levels of hygiene

Question: 9

Which of the following is/are typical problems associated with 'observational' market research?

i) It increases the potential for bias.

ii) It reveals little about motivation.

iii) It relies on the honesty of the participants.

a. None of the above

b. i only

c. ii only

d. iii only (Answer)

Question: 10

If a company commissioned market research to look at the potential effect of changing an attribute of a product (e.g. its colour), what specific type of market research would it be?

a. Causal

b. Observational

c. Secondary

d. Qualitative (Answer)

Question: 11

Which of the following models the process by which new products are taken up amongst a population of potential customers?

a. Taylor's exchange theorem

b. Harvey's spread algorithm

c. Bass diffusion model (Answer)

d. Young's flow diagram

Question: 12

Which of the following would NOT be a primary reason for analyzing demographic information collected as part of a survey?

a. To ensure that the sample was representative

b. To be able to compare the responses of different types of people

c. To check that the researchers had not faked the data

d. To help identify the target audience for a product (Answer)

Question: 13

Which of the following types of companies would be LEAST interested in 'coolhunting' as a form of market research?

a. A garment/fabric store

b. A supermarket

c. A store specializing in electronic gadgets

d. A record company (Answer)

Question: 14

Which of the following statements is/are true?

i) Comparing weighted scores for key industry success factors (e.g. economies of scale) between competitors is known as 'competitor array analysis'.

ii) Benchmarking is an effective means of identifying the best industry practice.

a. Both (i) and (ii) are true. (Answer)

b. Only (i) is true.

c. Only (ii) is true.

d. Neither is true.

Question: 15

Which of the following is NOT typically a qualitative method of market research?

a. Using an on-line research community

b. Using a mystery shopper      

c. Using a focus group (Answer)

d. A survey using the Liker scale

Question: 16

Companies may be forced to remain in an unprofitable market because they have, for example, invested heavily in infrastructure. What are these factors known as?

a. Golden handcuffs

b. Barriers to exit

c. Escape clauses

d. Transfer costs (Answer)

Question: 17

Which of the following best describes the market research related term 'sugging'?

a. Seeking funds by pretending to be a research organization

b. Manipulating statistics to produce a favorable result

c. Exploiting market research conducted by other organizations

d. Using market research as a cover for generating business (Answer)

Question: 18

Which TWO of the following are issues associated with ‘benchmarking’?

i) It leads to increased production costs.

ii) It can be difficult to obtain the necessary data.

iii) Comparison with market leaders is not a helpful process.

a. i and ii only

b. i and iii only

c. ii and iv only (Answer)

d. iii and iv only

Question: 19

What is the 'mean' of the following data: 3, 11, 5, 6, 7, 5, 6, 5?

a. 5

b. 5.5

c. 6

d. Impossible to tell (Answer)

Question: 20

What does the 'Dirichlet model' seek to describe?

a. The product life-cycle

b. The relationship between marketing and sales j (Answer)

c. The effect of elasticity of demand on revenue

d. Brand loyalty and repeat purchases

Question: 21

What does a correlation of '-1' between two variables indicate?

a. That there is a slight negative correlation between the variables. (Answer)

b. That there is no correlation between the variables.

c. That there is a perfect negative correlation between the variables.

d. That the variables are independent.

Question: 22

Which of the following best characterizes face-to-face surveys relative to other types of surveys?

a. Low response rate, low cost

b. Low response rate, high cost

c. High response rate, low cost

d. High response rate, high (Answer)

Question: 23

Competing brands can be placed on a graph to illustrate their market positioning and thereby identify potential niches. What is the term for this analytical technique?

a. Brand analysis (Answer)

b. Force-field analysis

c. Product placement

d. Perceptual mapping

Question: 24

A PEST analysis can be used to identify the external factors affecting a market. What does the ‘P’ PEST stand for?

a. Product

b. Promotion

c. Political (Answer)

d. Pricing

Question: 25

How many levels are usually there on a Likert scale?

a. 8-9

b. 6-7

c. 5-7 (Answer)

d. 2-3

Question: 26

Which of the following is an example of a ‘closed’ question?

a. “Why do you get up early in the morning?”

b. “Who is your favorite baseball player?”

c. “When shall we go to the restaurant?”

d. “Do you like Mozarat?” (Answer)

Question: 27

Which of the following best describes ‘secondary’ market research?

a. Research that is designed to corroborate previous research (Answer)

b. Market research that relates to other companies rather than end consumers  

c. The collation of data that was previously gathered for different pieces of research

d. Research based on data that relates to consumers' previous habits rather than their futureintentions

Question: 28

Which of the following are reasons for a company undertaking 'price elasticity analysis'?

i) Determining the types of people who buy a product

ii) Identifying 'price points' in the market for a product

iii) lnvestigating the effects of price changes on sales

a. i and ii

b. i and iii

c. ii and iii

d. All of the above (Answer)

Question: 29

If 25% of the respondents reported that they would buy product A and 48% reported they would buy product B, how many respondents would buy both?

a. 12%

b. 23%

c. 36.5%

d. Impossible to tell (Answer)

Question: 30

What is the name given to the effect whereby people carry out an activity differently if the management is taking an interest in or monitoring them?

a. Eddington effect

b. Fowlds effect

c. Hawthorne effect (Answer)

d. Norton effect

Question: 31

Which of the following is a statistical measure used to calculate how widely-spread a set of data is?

a. Standard deviation (Answer)

b. Correlation

c. Regression analysis

d. Median

Question: 32

Which of the following survey questions would be most likely to yield unbiased responses?

a. “Isn't it a bad idea to raise taxes?"

b. “It's a bad idea to raise taxes, isn't it?"

c. "Lots of people are struggling to make ends meet. Do you think taxes should have been raised?"

d. "What do you think of the decision to raise taxes?" (Answer)

Question: 33

Which of the following types of sampling involves selecting a set number (which need not be the same) of a distinct sub-group (or ‘stratum’)?

a. Quota sampling (Answer)

b. Simple random sampling

c. Systematic sampling

d. Probability sampling

Question: 34

Which of the following best describes the purpose ‘Ad Tracking’?

a. To calculate the cost of a marketing campaign

b. Advanced engagement with consumers to confirm that an advertisement will be popular

c. To verify that the design process for an advertisement follows the required steps

d. To check the effectiveness of marketing activities (Answer)

Question: 35

Which of the following terms concerns applying statistical methods to the deduction of principles?

a. Causality

b. Econometrics

c. Demographics

d. Predictive analytics (Answer)

Question: 36

Which of the following statements is/are true?

i) The data on which secondary market research is based is unlikely to be tailored precisely to the requirements of the task.

ii) Secondary market research tends to be more expensive than primary research.

a. Both (i) and (ii) are true. (Answer)

b. Only (i) is true.

c. Only (ii) is true.

d. Neither is true.

Question: 37

Which of the following sources of market-research data would NOT contribute to a study on a retail company’s customer conversion?

a. Monitoring the number of hits on the company web site

b. Counting the number of customers entering the company’s stores (Answer)

c. Sales data from checkouts

d. Using a mystery shopper

Question: 38

Which of the following statements is/are true?

i) A 'longitudinal' survey is one where the same set of respondents complete the same survey on two or more occasions.

ii) A 'cross-section' survey is one where the same set of respondents complete different surveys on two or more occasions.

a. Both (i) and (ii) are true.

b. Only (i) is true, (Answer)

c. Only (ii) is true,

d. Neither is true.

Question: 39

What is the ‘Interquartile range’ of the following data: 10, 6, 12, 8, 2, 6, 4?

a. 4

b. 4 5

c. 6

d. Impossible to tell (Answer)

Question: 40

Which of the following conclusions should be drawn from the voting phenomenon commonly known as the 'Bradley effect' (or 'Wilder effect')?

a. People's behavior does not necessarily follow their stated intentions. (Answer)

b. People do not consume as much of a product as they say they will.

c. People are, ultimately, less concerned about ethical issues than financial ones.

d. People will generally see through false claims.

Odesk Market Research Test Questions and Answers

Market Research Test Questions

Market Research Test Answers

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Macromedia Flash 8 Test

Macromedia Flash 8 Test

Designer

This test is about 40 multiple choice questions and should take less than 40 minutes to complete

Macromedia Flash 8 Test Contents

Architecture and Interface

Design and Animation

Actionscripting

Sound and Output

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Outbound Sales Skills Test Questions

Outbound Sales Skills Test

Question: 1

If your prospective customer is already using a similar product as the one you are trying to sell but of a different make/company, what would you do?

a. Try and inquire about the nature of services of the product used by the customer

b. Compare your product with the one used by the customer

c. Criticize the other product

d. None of the above

Question: 2

What are the recommended attitudes that a telemarketing executive should employ to improve cold call prospecting?

a. Researching what is the best time to call a prospect

b. Making the voice message catchy so that the secretary passes it on to the prospect

c. Being pushy about closing a sale

d. Trying to find out the prospective customer's personal details

Question: 3

What does the term 'gatekeeper' mean in a sales scenario?

a. An Individual blacking the physical entry to a building

b. An Individual who opens the door for prospective customers

c. An Individual acting as a call screener

d. A tool used for blocking spam mails

Question: 4

Which part of an outbound sales script needs to be recorded?

a. Fronter Script

b. Verification Script

c. Closure Script

d. Whole Script

Question: 5

A sales presentation should have ___________ to be effective and successful.

a. a good tone

b. a crisp pace

c. Interactivity

d. Smooth transitions

Question: 6

Which of the following functions does a gatekeeper perform?

a. He lets the sales person contact the decision maker.

b. He deliberately keeps the sales person from getting to the decision maker of the company.

c. He schedules the appointments of the decision maker.

d. He holds the key to all sensitive information of the sales department.

Question: 7

Which of the following are important ways to contact the decision maker in an outbound sales scenario?

a. Cold Calling

b. Product promotion campaigns

c. Written correspondence

d. A strategy combining cold calling and written correspondence

Question: 8

What is the best time to call a working couple for making an outbound sales proposal?

a. Lunch hour

b. Dinnertime

c. Working hours

d. Off days

Question: 9

What are the various buying roles?

a. Coach

b. Evaluator

c. Customer

d. Decision maker

e. Strategist

f. User

Question: 10

You are a telecalling executive. When you ask for the prospective customer on the phone, the assistant answers the call. Which of the following sentences would be more appropriate in this scenario?

a. Hello, could you please connect me to Mr. Bush?

b. Get me Mr. Bush please.

c. Get me Mr.Bush.

d. Hi, I was wondering if I could please speak to Mr. Bush.

Question: 11

What is an lVR?

a. Instant Voice Recorder

b. Interactive Voice Response

c. International Voice Recorder

d. International Voice Rights

Question: 12

Which of the following are some of the effective skills that an agent should possess in order to achieve the targets?

a. Making only a few calls over a long period of time

b. Being confident while making a call

c. Ability to increase the number of contacts

d. Ability to take the cold sweat out of cold calling

Question: 13

What does sign-posting mean in an outbound sales scenario?

a. The practice of letting the customer know what format the sales conversation is going to take before starting the sales talk

b. The practice of letting the customers know about the benefits and unique features of the product that the telecalling executive aims at selling

c. The practice of building a rapport with the potential customer before commencing with the sales talk

d. The practice of erecting signposts to advertise the product to increase sales

Question: 14

What is the definition of the AIDA model?

a. Attract the prospect, create interest develop a relationship, set an action from the prospect

b. Attract the prospect influence, develop a relationship, extract a promise from the prospect

c. Attract the caller, develop an alliance, set an action by the caller

d. None of the above

Question: 15

What does EST mean in outbound sales?

a. Eastern Standard Type

b. Eastern Standard Technology

c. Efficient Sales Team

d. Eastern Standard Time

Question: 16

What is the main aim of a sales executive in an outbound sales process?

a. To tell the prospective customer about the features of his company's product

b. To get the prospective customer to buy his product or solution

c. To force the prospective buyer to understand the benefits of buying the service he's trying to sell

d. All of the above

Question: 17

A telemarketing executive, Charles, wants to sell a product from Nokia. Which of the following are the correct ways to open the call?

a.  "Hi, this is Charles calling from Nokia. Am I speaking to Mr. (customer's name)'?'

b.  "Hello, Mr.fcustomer's name), this is Charles from Nokia"

c.  "Myself Charles from Nokia"

d.  "Chartesthis side from Nokia, can I talk to Mr.fcustomer's name)?"

Question: 18

If a TCR receives a buying signal from his prospective client, what does it imply?

a. A comment from the client that indicates that he is contemplating, to whatever extent, on buying the product

b. A formal agreement by the client stating that he'll buy the product, which could be either through phone, fax or E-mail

c. The client has asked for the company to contact him about a particular product or service.

d. None of the above

Question: 19

How will you, as a telecalling executive, convince a customer who is refusing to divulge personal information like social security number or banking information to do

a. By telling him that your company does not sell anything without this information

b. By assuring the customer that the sensitive information desired is necessary and will only be used for transactions and for defining the credentials of the customer

c. By trying and confusing the customer to give out details

d. By forcing the customer through assertive means to give out the information

Question: 20

Which of the following steps is immediately followed after the opening of the call and identification of the prospective customer?

a. Probing

b. Stating the objective of the calf

c. Pushing for the sale

d. Getting a commitment from the prospect

Question: 21

In order to build a rapport with a customer, which of the following tactics would you, as a teleselling executive, use?

a. Feel excited about the customer's date of birth and say it is similar to that of your brother/ friend

b. Appreciate the name of the customer and say you have a friend with that name

c. Relate yourself to the city which he belongs to

d. All of the above

e. None of the above

Question: 22

What is Average Wait Time in an outbound telecalling process?

a. The time taken to make a sale

b. The time taken by a telecalling executive to log into the computer

c. The time between two outbound calls

d. None of the above

Question: 23

Which of the following statements would be appropriate for establishing the need for a particular product (e.g. a credit card) during an outbound sales pitch?

a. How many times have you realized that you are not able to buy your son the latest version of computer he has desired?

b. Have you realized that of late, you might have compromised on your essential needs and that of your family?

c. Have the sighting of valuable products in show windows made you feel helpless because of no/low cash in your pocket?

d. All of the above

Question: 24

What does the term 'upselling' mean in an outbound scenario?

a. Trying to sell add-on products post the sale of a primary product

b. To up the sale of a primary product

c. An upward trend in sales

d. There is no such term as upselling.

Question: 25

What are the radical qualities which a teleselling agent needs to have to perform well?

a. Proficiency in the spoken language

b. Ability to connect with the prospect

c. Confidence in his product

d. All of the above

e. None of the above

Question: 26

How can a telecalling executive get off to a successful start when opening a call'?

a. By focusing on the purpose of the call

b. By asking personal questions

c. By creating a weak opener

d. By setting a goal for each call before commencing it

Question: 27

Which of the following skill sets is essential in telesales to improve conversation rates?

a. Questioning. ‘Probing

b. Listening

c. Using silence

d. All of the above

Question: 28

Suppose you are a TME for a telecom company and you call a prospective customer to sell your company's product. However, during the conversation, you realize that the customer is not interested as he clearly says "I don't need one". What will be your next statement?

a. Mobile phones give you the freedom which you might be looking for.

b. Try and buy our product, it's one of the best in the market.

c. Are you using a mobile phone currently and to which telecom operator do you subscribe

d. We have some special offers for you, please listen to me.

Question: 29

Read the following statements:

i. Mail me something/Can I get this in writing?

ii. I have to check with my spouse, can I call you back?

iii. Is this timeshare?

iv. Why do I have to give my credit card?

v. l need to think about it.

vi. My credit card is over the limit.

How are these statements by the prospect in sales terminology described as?

a. Acceptances

b. Rebuttals

c. Agreements

d. Discredits

Question: 30

While commencing on a sales campaign, the telecalling representative has been asked to divulge only the USP of the product his company is promoting. What would be the focus of his conversation with the prospective client?

a. The best features of the product

b. The sales figures of the product

c. The competition's strategy to reiterate the immense popularity of this company's product

d. The most valuable and unique advantage of the product

Question: 31

While making an outbound call, if you, as a telemarketing executive(TME), are not able to get the target customer and the call is answered by a member of his/her family, what will be your next step1?

a. To force the listener to listen to you

b. To Try and know more about the financial background of the target customer

c. To inquire politely about the best time when the target customer would be available

d. Simply to bang the phone

Question: 32

Who is the decision maker in an outbound sales process?

a. The person who makes the final purchasing decision

b. The person who makes all the decisions about the products to be sold

c. The person whose daily work is affected by the seller's products and services

d. All of the above

Question: 33

Who should control the flow of conversation in a successful telesales pitch?

a. The customer

b. The teleselling agent

c. The scrip!

d. Both a and b

Question: 34

What are the necessary attitudes to be kept in mind while closing a sale'?

a. Not reacting emotionally to objections

b. Getting distracted by the customers' objections

c. Keeping the call focused

d. Pushing the product or service

Question: 35

If a customer demands that he should never be contacted again for the sale of the product in question, his name should be listed on the:

a. Not interested customers list

b. Do not call list

c. Boycotted customers list

d. Negative customers list

Outbound Sales Skills Test Questions and Answers

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Odesk PC Graphics Test Answers

PC Graphics Test

Question: 1

What is meant by the term fog?

a. The mixing of an image with a fixed color that thickens as the image's pixels get further away from the viewpoint.

b. A special type of channel used in graphics software for saving selections.

c. a technique of blending bitmap-based images and text to reduce the stair-stepping or jagged appearance. (Answer)

d. The relationship of an image's width to height or its proportions.

Question: 2

In a 3-D graphics environment, the process of subdividing a surface into a mesh of smaller shapes that are easy to analyze is known as:

a. Anti-aliasing

b. Tessellation (Answer)

c. Blending

d. Texture mapping

Question: 3

The serial execution of the processes applied to geometric primitives (text, lines, polygons, curves, and surfaces) in a graphics package to produce two-dimensional output is called its:

a. Execution LIFO stack

b. Graphical modeling

c. Transmogrification

d. Rendering pipeline (Answer)

Question: 4

What is meant by the term auto trace?

a. A part of off-screen memory that holds the distance from the viewpoint for each pixel, the Z-value.

b. A programmed function in illustration software that converts raster graphics into vector graphics whereby paths are created along the edges of a scanned image. (Answer)

c. A process of removing hidden surfaces by sorting polygons in back-to-front order prior to rendering.

d. Areas in an image with a blocky or blotchy appearance.

Question: 5

Which of the following is the most commonly used lighting model?

a. Xerxes (Answer)

b. Z-buffering

c. Texture mapping

d. Phong

Question: 6

What does the term "flythrough" imply?

a. A series of mathematical operations that act on output primitives and geometric attributes to convert them from modeling coordinates to device coordinates. (Answer)

b. A memory buffer used to hold one line of video.

c. Displayed representation of a scene or an object that appears to have three axes of reference: height, width, and depth (x, y, and z).

d. A type of animation in which the camera moves around a scene, rather than objects moving in front of a stationary camera.

Question: 7

Which of the following polygon meshes is most commonly used in mesh modeling because its input data are more readily acceptable to modern hardware?

a. Vertex-vertex mesh

b. Winged-edge mesh

c. Vertex-face mesh (Answer)

d. Quad-edge mesh

Question: 8

Which of the following techniques reduces the appearance of jagged edges of lines and edges in raster graphics?

a. Warnock space subdivision

b. Depth sort

c. Gouraud shading

d. Anti-aliasing (Answer)

Question: 9

The vector-graphics package that was developed by Microsoft is:

a. Draw

b. Inkscape

c. Illustrator

d. Visio (Answer)

Question: 10

Which one of the following formats would provide the least amount of pixelation when its dimensions are scaled (magnified) in size?

a. JPEG (Answer)

b. TIFF

c. PNG

d. EPS

Question: 11

What does the term "depth sort" imply?

a. To convert an image or signal into digital code by scanning, tracing on a graphics tablet, or using an analog to digital conversion device.

b. An algorithm for creating a hidden-line drawing of polygon data sets by drawing the polygons from the most distant to the closest, in order. (Answer)

c. The simulation of a continuous-tone image (shaded drawing, photograph) with dots.

d. In computer graphics, a particular shade or tint of a given color.

Question: 12

Which of the following rotation techniques gives the best results?

a. Euler angles (Answer)

b. Axis-angle

c. 3 by 3 matrix

d. Quaternions

Question: 13

Which one of the color parameters measures how far away the color is from gray?

a. Hue (Answer)

b. Saturation (Answer)

c. Brightness

d. Gamut

Question: 14

A process in 2-D computer graphics whereby a closed vector path is used to mask (block) parts of an image is known as:

a. Double path (Answer)

b. Palletized path

c. Keying path

d. Clipping path

Question: 15

Which of the following is/are typical steps in a graphical pipeline that converts three-dimensional objects for two-dimensional display or printing?

a. Hidden line/hidden surface removal (HLHSR)

b. Rasterization

c. Viewport mapping and clipping

d. Writing to the framebuffer (Answer)

Question: 16

In computer graphics, when a line or object is moved where one end or point stays fixed in position is termed as:

a. Perfect banding

b. Rubber banding

c. Print banding (Answer)

d. Saddle banding

Question: 17

The number of bits per pixel typically used for the color depth to be described as being a truecolor format is:

  a  4

  b  16

  c  24 (Answer)

  d  36

Question: 18

ln computer animation the entire frame is redrawn for each frame What of the following would reduce flicker between frames

  a  Surface removal

  b  Phong shading

  c  double buffering (Answer)

  d  Interpolation

Question: 19

Which of the following colors belong to the most common three-color additive color model used in video displays or otherwise used to describe the physical concepts involved?

    a  Red (Answer)

    b  Magenta

    c  Yellow

    d  Green (Answer)

Question: 20

Bitmapped graphics are also known as:

  a  Vector graphics

  b  Raster graphics (Answer)

  c  Line work

  d  Ray tracing

Question: 21

Which of the following raster graphics editors used to process digital graphics and photographs is/are open source, instead of being proprietary?

  a  Photshop

  b  Paint Shop Pro (PSP)

  c  GIMP (Answer)

  d  Photoshop Element

Question: 22

In computer graphics, a technique in which irregularities in shading are created for simulating rough textures is called:

  a  Cosine mapping

  b  Bump mapping (Answer)

  c  Bleed mapping

  d  Image mapping

Question: 23

Which of the following graphical formats is/are always low-resolution (8-bit) bitmap graphics?

  a  JPEG

  b  GIF (Answer)

  c  TIFF

  d  SVG

Question: 24

Which of the following colors belong to the standard four-color subtractive color model used in color printing or otherwise used to describe the printing process?

a. Red

b. Magenta (Answer)

c. Yellow (Answer)

d. Green

Question: 25

Which one of the following graphics standard specifications is the main competitor to Microsoft's Direct3D (the 3D graphics API within DirectX)?

a. OpenGL (Answer)

b. PHIGS

c. X 11

d. IRIS GL

Question: 26

Which of the following is/are basic phases of creating 3-D computer graphics?

a. 3-D modeling

b. 3-D rendering

c. Transmogrification

d. Computer animation

Question: 27

When considering illumination from light sources, which of the following types of light sources has the same intensity in all directions:

a. Point source

b. Spot light

c. Parallel light

d. Specular

Question: 28

Another term for the video output device for storing the graphic image as it is being formed and later used for displaying the image is:

a. FIFO stack

b. Frame buffer

c. Flash drive

d. L3 cache

Question: 29

Images based upon geometric elements, such as points, curves, and surfaces, that follow mathematical equations are called:

a. Marques

b. Vectors

c. Knock-outs

d. Halftones

Question: 30

A technique for achieving higher quality in lower-quality images is called __________. It takes advantage of an optical illusion to simulate 24-bit quality with 8-bit or 16-bit images:

a. Dithering

b. 3-D pipeline

c. Interpolation

d. Surface removal

Question: 31

Which of the following file formats are popular vector-graphics formats?

a. EPS

b. XLS

c. SVG

d. PDF

Question: 32

Select from the following choices the one that most closely completes the Shannon sampling theorem: "The ideal samples of a continuous function contain all the information in the original function if and only if the continuous function is sampled at a frequency ___________ the highest frequency in the function."

a. Equal to

b. Greater than twice

c. Greater than one-half

d. Less than one-half

Question: 33

Which of the following statements about pixels are true? (Answer all that apply.)

a. A pixel has a dimension.

b. A pixel is a point.

c. Pixels are visible.

d. A pixel can have coordinates.

Question: 34

Of the following, select all of the techniques that could be employed in anti-aliasing:

a. Sinc-function filtering

b. Supersampling

c. Z-buffering

d. Flat shading

Question: 35

An image rendering process that builds images based upon the propagation of light rays and the effects of absorption, reflection, and refraction associated with the objects being scanned is termed as:

a. Ray tracing

b. Grommets

c. Spread

d. Mask

Question: 36

_________ adds appropriately colored pixels to an image to make it seem as though more colors were present in the original.

a. Imposition

b. Logo

c. Dithering

d. Over print

Question: 37

What is meant by the term crop?

a. In proportional spacing, the tightening of space between letters to create a visually appealing flow to the text.

b. The analysis of a picture using techniques that can identify shades, colors, and relationships that cannot be perceived by the human eye.

c. Changing or improving graphics images, either interactively using a paint program or by using software routines that alter contrast, smooth lines, or filter out unwanted data.

d. Trimming or masking of photos, graphics, drawings, or illustrations.

Question: 38

Which of the following are common shading models?

a. Cortez

b. flat

c. Gouraud

d. Phong

Question: 39

The effect that occurs when an object nearer to the viewport in 3-D space blocks (masks) another, more distant object from view is called:

a. Depth

b. Cueing

c. Occlusion

d. Filtering

Question: 40

The process whereby a specific key color (often blue or green) within an image is made transparent when that image is mixed with another image is known as:

a. Graphic keying

b. Chroma keying

c. Shade keying

d. Scissors keying

Question: 41

Which of the following best describes the term "vertex-vertex polygon mesh?"

a. A process by which color information is interpolated across the face of the polygon to determine the colors at each pixel.

b. A method of using two buffers, one for display and the other for rendering.

c. The simplest mathematical representation of a mesh, but which is not widely used due to  the lack of explicit face and edge information.

d. A method of increasing the quality of a texture map by applying different-resolution texture maps for different objects in the same image, depending on their size and depth.

Question: 42

Which one of the following is a data structure used to organize objects within a space, which can be used in hidden-surface removal and in ray tracing?

a. Patch mesh

b. Circular buffer

c. Binary space partitioning (BSP) tree

d. Hash table

Question: 43

What is meant by the term projection?

a. The process of mapping three dimensional images to two dimensions for display.

b. An interpolation technique used to remove texture distortion, stair casing, or jagged edges at the edges of an object.

c. The part of the graphics engine that draws 3-D primitives, usually triangles or other simple polygons.

d. Wrapping a texture image onto an object to create a realistic representation of the object in 3D space.

Question: 44

What does the term "jaggies" imply?

a. Image that continues from one page of a publication across the gutter or spine to the facing page.

b. The stair-step effect seen along curves and edges in text or bit-mapped graphics.

c. In halftone screens, a measurement of resolution or detail.

d. A photographic proof made from assembled (stripped) negatives.

Question: 45

What is meant by the term rigging?

a. A combination of colors that appear to have a stronger impact and highly visible look.

b. The area of the graphics memory used to store the Z or depth information about rendered objects.

c. The process of linking a 3-D object, such as modeling a character, to its bone structure (skeletal animation).

d. The process of applying a texture to the surface of 3-D models to simulate walls, sky, etc.

Question: 46

The process of using an image described in a vector-graphics format and converting it into a bitmapped image as output on a display or printer, or as storage in a bitmapped file is known as

a. Pixelation

b. Rasterization

c. Transmogrification

d. Animation

Question: 47

What is meant by the term gradient?

a. A binary representation in which a bit or set of bits corresponds to some part of an object such as an image or font.

b. In computer graphics, a curve that is generated using a mathematical formula which assures continuity with other b-splines.

c. A color (or grayscale) fill that gradually blends from one color to another, perhaps from light to dark, for example.

d. In computer graphics, a technique for simulating rough textures by creating irregularities in shading.

Question: 48

What does the term "stroke weight" denote?
  a  A term that illustration software uses to specify the thickness of a line when drawing a path.
  b  A process where the software adds new pixels to an image based on the color values of the surrounding pixels.
  c  A term for the descriptive information embedded inside an image or other type of file.
  d  A measurement of the output quality of an image, usually in terms of samples, pixels, dots, or lines per inch.

Question: 49

A modeling technique based upon a formal grammar whereby complex shapes are recursively generated from relatively simple procedures is termed as:
  a  Flush right
  b  Graftal
  c  Crossover
  d  Coated stock

Question: 50

What does the term "spline" imply?
  a  In computer-aided design, a smooth curve that runs through a series of given points.
  b  The smallest rectangular region of a picture or a frame buffer for which you can specify unique properties such as color and transparency.
  c  Simulating a condition or activity by performing a set of equations on a set of data.
  d  An interface that allows for the transfer of a digital video signal from a computer to a display, which increases the image quality and performance over a comparable analog system.

Question: 51

_________ adds appropriately colored pixels to an image to make it seem as though more colors were present in the original.
  a  Imposition
  b  Logo
  c  Dithering
  d  Over print

Question: 52

What does the term "bezier" imply?
  a  A measurement of printer resolution that defines how many dots of ink are placed on the page when the image is printed.
  b  The term that describes one way that illustration software may create curves and shapes by using control points and control handles.
  c  Special points placed around an active object that are used to manipulate the object when clicked and dragged with the mouse or other pointing device.

   d  A graph that depicts the tonal range of an image.

Question: 53

What does the term "constraint" imply?

  a  A graphics processing technique that simulates transparency or translucency for objects in a 3D scene to create visual effects like smoke, glass, or water.
  b  The section of the graphics memory that stores the stencil data.
  c  A rule or condition that must be followed regarding how the individual objects within an graphic can or cannot move, such as a wrist having to be attached to both a hand and an end of the lower arm.
  d  Memory that is dedicated to the graphics processor and used to store rendered pixels before they are displayed on the monitor.

Question: 54

Which of the following vector graphics editors used to process digital graphics is/are open source, instead of being proprietary?

    a  Illustrator

    b  Visio

    c  Flash

    d  Inkscape

Question: 55

What is meant by the term stroke?
    a  A reddish brown monochrome tint that gives the picture a warm, antique feeling.
    b  A term that illustration software uses to describe the width of a  line in a path.
    c  A photograph whose edges fade out gradually.
    d  Copying a block of pixels from one place to another.

Question: 56

Which of the following rotation techniques gives the best results?
    a  Euler angles
    b  Axis-angle
    c  3 by 3 matrix
    d  Quaternions

Question: 57

The first procedure in the OpenGL pipeline is to transform a 3-D point that is defined in the object coordinate system into the world coordinate system. This step has three possible transformations: rotation, scaling, and translation. Which one of those below is typically the  correct order for executing these three transformations?
    a   rotation, then translation, and then scaling.
    b  First scaling, then rotation, and then translation.
    c  First translation, then scaling, and then rotation.
    d  First scaling, then translation, and then rotation.

Question: 58

Which of the following graphic formats allow for animation?
    a  GIF
    b  JPEG
    c  TIFF
    d  PNG

Question: 59

Which of the following types of reflection transmits light in all direction with the same energy?
    a   Specular
    b  Diffuse
    c  Gloss
    d  Retro reflection

Question: 60

In computer graphics, when a line or object is moved where one end or point stays fixed in position is termed as:
    a   banding
    b  Rubber banding
    c  Print banding
    d  Saddle banding

Question: 61

The rendering of three-dimensional computer graphics often employs one or more  approaches to model a complex four-dimensional
    a  Kummer's function
    b  Reisz function
    c  Bidirectional reflectance distribution function (BRDF)
    d  Mittag-Leffler function

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